Condition

Inflammatory bowel disease

Clinical trials and treatment information for Inflammatory bowel disease

3.8M

People Affected

Active Trials

77K

New Cases/Year

42K

Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

Prednisone

88% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 50% Safety• 26 trials• 100K participants

HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 40-60 mg daily with taper

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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

days to 1-2 weeks

Duration

8-12 weeks with taper

Response Rate

75%

Remission Rate

45%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

2.5

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Insomnia, mood changes: 40%

Fluid retention, weight gain: 30%

Hyperglycemia: 15%

Osteoporosis (long-term): 10%

Infections: 7%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$75

Monitoring

$400

Side Effects

$250

Total Annual

$725

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.08

ICER

$20,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$1,611

Cost per Responder

$967

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI)CDAI score: 280 (moderate-severe disease)

-43% (-120 points)

Mayo Score for Ulcerative ColitisMayo Score: 9 (moderate-severe disease)

-55.6% (-5 points)

C-reactive protein (CRP)25 mg/L

-60% (-15 mg/L)

Fecal Calprotectin900 µg/g

-50% (-450 µg/g)

Secondary Benefits

Abdominal Pain Severity (VAS)VAS score: 7/10

-28.6% (-2 points)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ)IBDQ score: 120/224

+29.2% (+35 points)

Body Weight58 kg (underweight)

+6.9% (+4 kg)

Common Side Effects

Insomnia, mood changes

+40%

Fluid retention, weight gain

+30%

Hyperglycemia

+15%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Infliximab

83% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 55% Safety• 259 trials• 50K participants

HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 5 mg/kg IV every 8 weeks

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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

2-4 weeks

Duration

lifetime

Response Rate

65%

Remission Rate

35%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Infusion reactions: 8%

Infections (URI, UTI): 25%

Serious infections: 2%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$25,000

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$1,500

Total Annual

$29,500

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.3

ICER

$180,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$84,286

Cost per Responder

$45,385

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

CDAI Score300 points (moderate-severe Crohn's disease)

-60% (-180 points)

Mayo Score9 points (moderate-severe Ulcerative Colitis)

-77.7% (-7 points)

SES-CD Score14 points (severe endoscopic inflammation in Crohn's disease)

-78.5% (-11 points)

C-Reactive Protein30 mg/L (elevated)

-60% (-18 mg/L)

Secondary Benefits

IBDQ Score140/224 (impaired quality of life)

+20% (+28 points)

Fecal Calprotectin1000 µg/g (elevated)

-65% (-650 µg/g)

Serum Albumin3.0 g/dL (low)

+20% (+0.6 g/dL)

Common Side Effects

Infusion reactions

+8%

Infections (URI, UTI)

+25%

Serious infections

+2%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Vedolizumab

80% Effectiveness• 88% Confidence• 60% Safety• 162 trials• 15K participants

HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 300 mg IV every 8 weeks

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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

6-10 weeks

Duration

lifetime

Response Rate

55%

Remission Rate

30%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Nasopharyngitis: 12%

Headache: 12%

Arthralgia: 10%

Infections (URI, UTI): 22%

Serious infections: 1.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$35,000

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$39,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.3

ICER

$200,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$130,000

Cost per Responder

$70,909

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Mayo Clinic ScoreModerate-to-severe UC (Mayo Clinic Score: 8/12)

-62.5% (-5 points (on 12-point scale))

Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI)Moderate-to-severe CD (CDAI: 320 points)

-56.25% (-180 points)

Mayo Endoscopic SubscoreActive inflammation (Mayo Endoscopic Subscore: 2/3)

-50% (-1 point (on 3-point scale))

C-reactive proteinElevated CRP: 15 mg/L

-53.3% (-8 mg/L)

Secondary Benefits

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) ScoreLow quality of life (IBDQ: 140/224)

+17.8% (+25 points (on 224-point scale))

Fecal CalprotectinElevated Fecal Calprotectin: 800 µg/g

-62.5% (-500 µg/g)

Common Side Effects

Nasopharyngitis

+12%

Headache

+12%

Arthralgia

+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Ustekinumab

77% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 60% Safety• 100 trials• 10K participants

HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: IV induction followed by 90 mg SC every 8 weeks

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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

6-8 weeks

Duration

lifetime

Response Rate

55%

Remission Rate

30%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Nasopharyngitis: 11%

Headache: 10%

Injection site reactions: 5%

Infections: 22%

Serious infections: 1.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$40,000

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$44,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.3

ICER

$190,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$146,667

Cost per Responder

$80,000

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

CDAI Score300 points (CDAI Scale: 0-600)

-40% (-120 points)

Mayo Endoscopic Subscore2 points (Mayo Endoscopic Subscore: 0-3)

-50% (-1 point)

C-reactive protein (CRP)15 mg/L

-60% (-9 mg/L)

Secondary Benefits

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) Score140 points (IBDQ Scale: 32-224)

+29% (+40 points)

Fecal Calprotectin500 µg/g

-60% (-300 µg/g)

Average Daily Stool Frequency (for UC)6 stools/day

-50% (-3 stools/day)

Common Side Effects

Nasopharyngitis

+11%

Headache

+10%

Injection site reactions

+5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Tofacitinib

72% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 48% Safety• 40 trials• 8K participants

HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 5-10 mg twice daily

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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

2-8 weeks

Duration

lifetime

Response Rate

55%

Remission Rate

18%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Nasopharyngitis: 15%

Herpes Zoster: 7%

Upper respiratory tract infection: 10%

Serious infections: 2.5%

MACE/Malignancy: 1.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$40,000

Monitoring

$4,000

Side Effects

$2,500

Total Annual

$46,500

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.25

ICER

$250,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$258,333

Cost per Responder

$84,545

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Ulcerative Colitis Mayo Score9/12 (moderate-to-severe UC)

-44.4% (-4 points)

Rectal Bleeding Subscore (Mayo)3/3 (severe)

-66.7% (-2 points)

C-Reactive Protein (CRP)15 mg/L

-66.7% (-10 mg/L)

Secondary Benefits

Stool Frequency Subscore (Mayo)3/3 (severe)

-66.7% (-2 points)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) Score130/224 (impaired QoL)

+26.9% (+35 points)

Fecal Calprotectin500 µg/g

-60% (-300 µg/g)

Common Side Effects

Nasopharyngitis

+15%

Herpes Zoster

+7%

Upper respiratory tract infection

+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Azathioprine

62% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 35% Safety• 81 trials• 15K participants

HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: 2.0-2.5 mg/kg daily

Find Trials

Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-6 months

Duration

years

Response Rate

45%

Remission Rate

25%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Nausea/vomiting: 12%

Pancreatitis: 5%

Leukopenia/Thrombocytopenia: 3%

Hepatotoxicity: 2%

Infections: 7%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$1,300

Side Effects

$500

Total Annual

$2,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

0.15

ICER

$80,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$8,000

Cost per Responder

$4,444

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) Score280 points

-43% (-120 points)

Ulcerative Colitis Mayo Score8/12 points

-63% (-5 points)

Prednisolone Equivalent Daily Dose20 mg/day

-100% (-20 mg/day)

Fecal Calprotectin600 µg/g

-67% (-400 µg/g)

Secondary Benefits

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) Score140/224 points

+21% (+30 points)

C-Reactive Protein (CRP)15 mg/L

-67% (-10 mg/L)

Daily Stool Frequency8 times/day

-50% (-4 times/day)

Common Side Effects

Nausea/vomiting

+12%

Pancreatitis

+5%

Leukopenia/Thrombocytopenia

+3%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4

Mesalamine

45% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 78% Safety• 160 trials• 30K participants

HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 1.2-4.8 g/day orally or 1g rectally daily

Find Trials

Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️

Meth💀

Cigarettes🚬

Chemo☢️

Alcohol🍺

Morphine💊

Antibiotics💉

Tylenol💊

Exercise🏃

Water💧

DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

4-8 weeks

Duration

lifetime

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

40%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

Common Side Effects:

Headache: 8%

Nausea/Diarrhea/Abdominal pain: 7%

Myocarditis/Pericarditis: 0.5%

Nephrotoxicity: 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$2,000

Monitoring

$500

Side Effects

$100

Total Annual

$2,600

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.1

ICER

$30,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$6,500

Cost per Responder

$4,333

Treatment Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Partial Mayo Score6/9 points

-50% (-3 points)

Rectal Bleeding Subscore (Mayo)2/3 points

-50% (-1 point)

Endoscopic Subscore (Mayo)2/3 points

-50% (-1 point)

Secondary Benefits

Fecal Calprotectin800 µg/g

-40% (-320 µg/g)

C-reactive Protein (CRP)15 mg/L

-30% (-4.5 mg/L)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) Score140/224 points

+11.4% (+16 points)

Common Side Effects

Headache

+8%

Nausea/Diarrhea/Abdominal pain

+7%

Myocarditis/Pericarditis

+0.5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4